1. Definition and Purposes of Explanation
Explanation is a text
which tells processes relating to forming of natural, social, scientific and
cultural phenomena. Generally the purpose of an explanation text is explaining
how something forms or why the thing happens. So when we read an explanation
text, the text will cover the answer of "how" or "why"
relating to a thing or a phenomenon. It is often found in science, geography
and history text books.
2.
Generic structure of Explanation
General
statement : stating the phenomenon issues which are to be
explained.
Sequenced
explanation : stating a series of steps which explain the phenomena.
3.
Language Feature of Explanation
Featuring
generic participant; sun, rain, etc.
Using
chronological connection; to begin with, next, etc
Using passive
voice pattern.
Using simple
present tense.
Examples :
How Earthquakes Happen
Earthquake is one of the most
destroying natural disasters. Unluckily it often happens in several regions.
Recently a horrible earthquake has shaken West Sumatra. It has brought great
damages. Why did it occur? Do you know how an earthquake happens?
Earthquakes are usually
caused when rock underground suddenly breaks along a fault. This sudden release
of energy causes the seismic waves. It make the ground shake. When two blocks
of rock or two plates are rubbing against each other, they stick a little. They
don't just slide smoothly. The rocks are still pushing against each other, but
not moving. After a while, the rocks break because of all the pressure that's
built up. When the rocks break, the earthquake occurs.
During the earthquake and
afterward, the plates or blocks of rock start moving, and they continue to move
until they get stuck again. The spot underground where the rock breaks is
called the focus of the earthquake. The place right above the focus is called
the epicenter of the earthquake.
How A Plane Flies
Today, Everyone must see a plane flying. Even
Some of the people have flown with an airplane. Have you ever thought why this
heavy metal object can be lifted in the air? How can the
airplane fly?
An airplane flies because it can generate a force. The force is scientifically
called Lift. It normally moves that heavy airplane upward. So, how
does the Lift happen? Well. Lift occurs by the generating of
the forward motionof the airplane through the air. please note
that this motion of the airplane is produced by what we call the
Thrust of the engines.
There are
four forces which act on a flying airplane. They are Thrust, Lift , Drag and
Weight. How do these four forces work? When the Thrust which is produced by the
engines is greater than the force of Drag which is produced by the resistance
of the air, the airplane will moves forward. When the forward
motion is enough to produce a force of Lift which is greater than the
force of Weight, the airplane will moves upward
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